Building block



May 18 1926. 1,585,374

v J. CARLSSON BUILD'lNG BLOCK Filed NOV. 24,. 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ljatented May 18, 1926?,

JOHN C ,ARLSSOIL OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA.

BUILDING BLOCK.

Application led November 24, 1924.

The present invention relates to building blocks, and more particularly to hollow or cellular building blocks such as are usually 'formed 'from concrete, clay or other ccmentiticus or ceramic material.

1 provide a building block of this character ot novel shape, whereby it is particularly adapted for the construction ot walls, as it provides air spaces at the mortar joints, eliminates the necessity tor speciall corner blocks, and requires little mortar for the perfect bonding of the blocks. @ther advantages of this block are due to its light weight and the ease with which it can be handled. f

ln the accompanying drawings f Figure 1 is a perspective View ot a block embodying my invention;

Figures Q and 3 are sectional plan views oit two ditl'erent types of wall adapted to be constructed trom blocks ot the character shown in Figure 1;

Fig-ure 4 is a perspective view of a slightly modilied torni of block embodying my invention, and Y u Y Figure 5 is a sectional plan view of a wall adapted to be constructed from blocks ci' the character shown in Figure 4.

Referring to Figure 1, the blockftherein shown is substantially T-shaped and provided with comparatively large air cells extending cells 3 separated by a transverse web 4 and the leg 5 of the block is provided with a single air cell 6 separated from the air cells 3 by a web 7. The outer walls oit the block are relatively thin and substantially oi' the same thickness as the webs 4 and 7.' The block is formed with a fillet 8 in the corner angle between each side face 9 of the leg and the adjacent lower face 10 of the head of the block. These lillets are preferably rectangular in cross section, and the two tillets are ot the same depth and the same width.

The head of the block projects laterally from each side of the leg thereof a distance a substantially equal to the height Z) of the leg ot the block. The advantages of this relationship will be apparent by reference to Figures 2 and 3, wherein it will be seen that the blocks at the corners of the walls make a transversely therethrough. TheL head 2 of the block is provided with two air Serial No. "751,804,Y

perfect lit, leaving just enough space 11 Jfor mortar;

The thickness c of the head of the block is less than the height Z) of the leg thereof,

. and the depth d ol the lillets is substantially equal to the diiterence between the thickness c of the head and the height Z) of the leg ot' the block. The advantages oi' this relationship between the thickness ot the head ci the block and the height of the leg thereoi will also be apparent by reference toFigures 2 and 3, wherein it will be seen that the blocks are adapted to be laid so as to provide a wall of any suitable thickness, leaving air spaces 12 and 13 at the mortar joints.

yllhe distance a that the head ot the block projects laterally from each side of the leg thereoi:l is greater than the thickness c of the head of the block by an amount substantially equal to the width c of the lillets 8. The advantages of this relationship will also be apparent by reference to Figures Zand 3,

wherein it will be seen that it permits the blocks toinake a substantially perfect lit at the corners of the walls.

The modilied form of block as shown in Figures 4 and 5 is similar to that shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3, but is of heavier construction and has more air cells. The head 2 of the block is provided with three air cells 3 separated by transverse webs 4 and the leg 5 ot' the block isprovided with two air cells 6 separated from each other and from the air cells 3 by webs 7. Thisblock, instead of having a. fillet in the corner angle between eachv side vface 9 of the leg and the adjacent lower tace 10 of the head, has each side face 9 of the leg cut away adjacent the adjacent lower i'ace 10 providing the channels 14.

As in the previously described construction, the head of the block projects laterally from each side of the leg thereof a distance a substantially equal to the height Zi of the leg of the block. The distance a is also approximately equal to' one-half the width f of the leg. Also the height b of the leg is approximately equal to the thickness c of the head.

The above relationships between the thickness and amount of lateral projection of the head and the height and width of the leg of the block and the advantages thereof or the head, thereby will be apparent by reference to Figure 5. It will be noted that in this modified construct-ion, the channels 1&1, provide twice as many Vspaces 12" Iand 13 at the mortarjoints as the corresponding'air spaces 12 and 13 in t-he constructions shown in Figures 2 and 3.

I consider the fillets 8 of the Figure 1 block and the channels 14 of the Figure L block an important feature of my invention, because these fillets and channels allow the blocks to be fitted together as illustrated in Figures 2, 3 and 5, leaving the air spaces 12` and 134 or 1,2 and 13` at the joints between the blocks and substantially reducing the area ofv contact between the blocks, thereby reducing the aniount ot mortar required tor howling the blocks together. The additional air spaces 1,2 and 13 or 1o and 13', in conjunction with the 'cells` 3 and 6 or 3 and 6,4l ot the blvo-cliafinsure a dry wall. Furthermore, these air spaces 12 and 13 or 12j and 13 break the mortar joints, and thereby substantially eliminate the danger of moisture seeping vthrough the wall.

lVhile All have shown and described two preferred embodiments ko'j my intention, it will be understood that the invention is not limited to the exact details. of construction shown, as the invention may be otherwise embodied within the scope of the appended claims. without departing from thel spirit of the invention. V

claim:

1l A wall structure formed ot a plurality of reversely arranged blocks of substr-.11? tially T-shaped form and having a. head portion and aleg portion, the end faces of the head portion andthe side faces ot the leg portionot each block being closely adjacent 'end facesor side faces of 'other blocks, the of each block being wider at one'portion than another whereby cavities are provided in the wall structure between portions of the legs oit' the blocks and the adjacent surfaces of other blocks, Vthe length of the leg portion of each block being subr stantially cqualto the thickness of thehead portion, whereby the inner faces of the head portions of the blocks may overlap and be in substantial contact with portions of reversely arranged blocks throughout the greater part of their length, substantially as described.

2. A substantially l"-shaped building block having a fillet substantially rectangular in cross section in the corner angle between' each side face ofthe leg of the block and the adjacent lower face of the head ot the block, said iillets being of the same depth, the head of' the block being of' less vthickness than the height of the leg thereofI and the depth ot' the fillets being sul'istantially equal to the difference between vthe thickness of said head and the height of said leg, substantially as described.

3. A substantially *if-shaped buildingl block having a fillet Vsubstantially rectangular in orc-ss section in the corner'angle between each side i'ace of the leg oit the block and tl'ie adjacent lower face of the head oi the block, said fillets being of the saine width, the head of' the block projecting laterally from cach side of the leg thereof a distance greater than the thickness of said head and the width of said fillets being substantially equal to the difference between said distance and said thickness, substantially as described.

Il. A wall structure formed of a plurality of reversely arranged horizontally vdisposedA blocks of substantially '1 -shaped forni, the said blocks having a head portion of snbstantially uniform width and a leg port-ion, the length of the leg being substantially equal tothe thickness of the head, whereby the inner faces of the head of each side leg are adjacent and overlap faces ot revcrsely arranged blocks, the said leg of each block being wider at one point in its length than another to provide for the formation ot" cavities in the inner part of the wall structure, the overall width of the leg at anv point being greater than the lengtli of thcoverhang of the head beyond the leg, whereby the several end Ifaces ot the blocks and side faces of the legs may be closely adjacont, and the legs ot the blocks have a 1naXimum strength, substantially as described.

ln testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

JOHN CARLSS'ON. 

